📖
Web3 Encyclopedia
  • Welcome aboard!
  • Source
  • 😀Evolution from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
    • Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
    • Key Features
    • Current Limitations
    • Future of Web 3.0
    • Learn: What Is Web3?
    • Learn: Will Every Brand Have a Web3 Strategy?
    • Learn: Big Ideas in 2023
    • Learn: The Web3 Paradox: Why Scaling Usage Alone Won't Lead to Mass Adoption?
    • Learn: Is Web3 A Marketing Buzz or Tech Revolution?
    • Learn: What is the relationship between blockchain and Web3?
    • Learn:Empowering Women in Web 3.0: The Role and Contributions of Women in Blockchain, DeFi, and dApp
    • Learn: Web 3.0 and the Future of E-Commerce
    • Learn: 12 ways ecosystem projects can attract more developers
    • Learn: How Web3 is Impacting Education?
    • Learn: Web3 And The Future Of Digital Advertising
    • Learn: Web3’s impact on personalization, trust and engagement
    • Learn: Web3-Powered Identity Management -- Unlocking the Benefits of Decentralization
    • Learn: Why Web2 companies fail in Web3 while others made it?
    • Learn: To Identify or Not in a Web3 World?
    • 🤫[Insider Series] McKinsey x Web3
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 💲Blockchain Fundamentals
    • Why is Blockchain So Popular?
    • Introduction to Blockchain
    • Blockchain Misconceptions
    • Blockchain vs Bitcoin, Database, Cloud
    • Consensus Mechanism
    • Public and Private Keys
    • Hash Functions and Cryptography
    • Sharding
    • Types of Blockchains: PoW, PoS and Private
    • Understanding Cryptocurrency
    • Coins vs Tokens
    • Blockchain Trilemma
    • Legality
    • Learn : Google’s Cloud Based Blockchain Node Service
    • Learn: How Blockchain, Digital assets, and Web3 Unlock Financial Inclusion Globally
    • Learn: Will Chinese-Made Crypto Soar Higher?
    • Learn: What Does MiCA Mean for Crypto in Europe?
    • Learn: Unraveling the Intricacies of Blockchain Forensics and Asset Tracking
    • Learn: Promising blockchain use cases in healthcare industry
    • Learn: The Role of Blockchain in Authenticating and Provenance Art
    • Learn: Blockchain-Based Digital Identity: Benefits, Risks, and Implementation Challenges
    • Learn: The Future of Energy Supply Chains
    • Learn: Revolutionizing smart contracts and cryptocurrency
    • Learn: Nigeria goes blockchain
    • Learn: A Game Changer for Online Gaming?
    • Learn: Is blockchain technology ready for high-storage applications?
    • Learn: Will Blockchain Technology Mark a Turning Point in Fraud Prevention?
    • Learn: Why ZK-rollups need data availability?
    • Learn: How will generative AI disrupt blockchain?
    • Learn: A New Blockchain for Generative AI?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 🏟️Web3 Utilities
    • Decentralized Applications (dApps)
    • Cross-chain Bridges
    • DAO
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Learn: Is Community-building Essential for Web3 Startups?
    • Learn: ‘Decentralization Theater’
    • Learn: Crypto and AI- A yay or nay combination?
    • Learn: Dissecting the DAO
    • Learn: What is motivating Lido DAO to rise?
    • Learn: How to Turn Your Community Into a DAO?
    • Learn: The Key to Decentralized Decision Making
    • Learn: How Web 3.0 can disrupt the supply chain industry?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 🪙Bitcoin
    • What is Bitcoin
    • Bitcoin's Blockchain Technology
    • UTXO Model and Transaction Fees
    • Bitcoin Mining and Mempool
    • Learn: What is bitcoin mining?
    • What are Hard Forks and Soft Forks
    • What is SegWit and the Lightning Network
    • Bitcoin Ecosystem
    • Can Bitcoin be Destroyed? Game Theory and Network Attacks
    • Learn: Crypto token supplies explained
    • Learn: What is crypto tax-loss harvesting, and how does it work?
    • Learn: Can Crypto Go Green? How to Invest in Eco-Friendly Cryptocurrencies
    • Learn: Why Did FTX Collapse? Here’s What to Know.
    • Learn: How Sam Bankman-Fried swindled $8 billion in customer money?
    • Learn: How much is Bitcoin worth today?
    • Learn: The Costs of Running a Bitcoin Node In Nigeria
    • Learn: Has 2022 Left Any Crypto Positives?
    • Learn: How Crypto Exchanges Can Be Free of Risk?
    • Learn: Greed, Lies and FTX: Is Crypto a Force for Good or Evil?
    • Learn: Is Crypto a Cultural Movement?
    • Learn: What are the consequences of crypto’s ongoing regulatory process?
    • Learn: Beyond the Crash and Embracing NFTs?
    • Learn: Understanding crypto bag holders and their mindset
    • Learn: Inscriptions: Just A Fad, Or A Real Threat To Bitcoin Becoming Decentralized Money?
    • Learn: How Bitcoin Ordinals Can Change the Future Of Mining?
    • Learn: What is a supernet?
    • Learn: Bitcoin Miners Celebrate 10 Years Since First ASIC, What Changed Since Then?
    • Learn: Bill Vs. CBDC – Why This US Congressman Wants To Block The Fed From Issuing A Digital Dollar?
    • Learn: Why Bitcoin Will Blow People’s Minds In 2025?
    • Learn: How the Howey Test Sheds Light on Cryptocurrency's Regulatory Gray Area
    • Learn: Cryptocurrency vs AI: A Complex Debate
    • Learn: Where the U.S. Government Went Wrong in Regulating Crypto?
    • Learn: The Nostr Privacy Paradox
    • Learn: Do algorithmic stablecoins have a future as centralized coins are under scrutiny?
    • Learn: Is Bitcoin Set To Revolutionize The Financial World With Its Superior Purchasing Power?
    • Learn: What is Shibarium, and what does it mean for Shiba Inu?
    • Learn: What is a crypto dusting attack?
    • Learn: Is the Adoption of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) the Future?
    • Learn: How Artificial Intelligence Could Revolutionize Crypto?
    • Learn: What’s next for EU’s crypto industry as European Parliament passes MiCA?
    • Learn: Why the EU Has MiCA and the U.S. Has Securities Law Confusion?
    • Learn: Six New Projects Looking to Mitigate Bitcoin Mining’s Energy Footprint
    • Learn: Who on Crypto Twitter chose not to pay for a blue checkmark?
    • Learn: What is the wash-sale rule in Crypto?
    • Learn: What is Pepecoin and can it flip memecoins Dogecoin and Shiba Inu?
    • Learn: Can you recover stolen Bitcoin from crypto scams?
    • Learn: What the ‘anti-mining bill’ means for the crypto industry in Texas?
    • Learn: Does the US have a crypto ‘tax loophole’ problem?
    • Learn: How users can stay protected?
    • Learn: How Crypto Revolutionize Cheaper and Faster Transactions?
    • Learn: Can NFTs and CFDs be BFFs?
    • Learn: A PR expert’s tips for memecoin projects
    • Learn: Why politicians aren't convinced about the Digital Euro?
    • Learn: How A 90-Year Old TA Theory Predicted The Sudden Bitcoin Boom?
    • Learn: Social Trading Platforms and CFDs: A New Paradigm in Investment
    • Learn: How could the Chinese economic crisis impact Bitcoin and crypto?
    • Learn: How do they compare: Bitcoin IRA vs. traditional IRA?
    • Learn: Why Tokenized Assets Are Safer During a Banking Crisis?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 🛢️Ethereum
    • Bitcoin vs Ethereum
    • What can Ethereum do?
    • What is Ether (ETH)?
    • What's Unique About ETH?
    • What are Smart Contracts?
    • Energy Consumption?
    • Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)
    • Pros & Cons of Smart Contracts
    • Decentralized Applications (dApps)
    • Ethereum Token Standards (ERC-20, ERC-721 and ERC-1155)
    • Evolution of Ethereum
    • How to Get Your First Ethereum
    • Learn: Next Ethereum Upgrade — Shanghai Upgrade
    • Learn: Tipping Scale for Crypto Adoption: Usability vs. Accessibility
    • Learn: Major Publicly Traded U.S. Bitcoin Miner Files For Chapter 11 – Impact On The Market?
    • Learn: 5 altcoin projects that made a real difference in 2022
    • Learn: How Tether Can Be a More Stable Stablecoin?
    • Learn: Are the Ethereum Killers Still Deadly?
    • Learn: What Ethereum Tech Trends Are Weathering the Bear Market?
    • Learn: How Ethereum’s token burns are making it a deflationary cryptocurrency?
    • Learn: A few things to know about Ethereum's Shanghai Upgrade
    • Learn: The Role of Enterprise Ethereum
    • Learn: Understanding Layer 2 Scaling Solutions for the Ethereum Network
    • Learn: The Battle of Giants: Bitcoin vs Ethereum
    • Learn: Cryptography, Smart Contracts and Distributed Networks
    • Learn: The Memecoin Grift and How It Threatens Ethereum Culture
    • Learn: What Is Ethereum’s ‘Data Availability' Problem, and Why Does It Matter?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 👛Wallet
    • What is a Blockchain Wallet?
    • Hardware / Software Wallet
    • How to Get Your First Cryptocurrency
    • Setting up Metamask Wallet
    • Learn: How to connect the Avalanche network to MetaMask?
    • Learn: How to pass on your crypto when you die?
    • Learn: What are hierarchical deterministic (HD) crypto wallets?
    • Learn: Pros and Cons of Digital Wallets
    • Learn : How Web 3.0 Wallets Are Redefining Digital Asset Security?
    • Learn: Open source: Buzzword or real security for crypto wallets?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 🌕New & Rising Protocols
    • Binance
    • NEAR
    • Solana
    • Fantom
    • Polygon
    • Cardano
    • Polkadot
    • Cosmos
    • Harmony
    • Cronos
    • Optimism
    • Terra
    • Who Will Win the L1 Wars?
    • Learn: New Layer 1 Blockchains Are Expanding the DeFi Ecosystem But No Eth Killers Yet
    • Learn: Is an Increased Focus on Layer-2 Scaling and ZK Technology Justified?
    • Learn: What Are the Stakes in the SEC vs. Ripple Case?
    • Learn: What is The Graph, and how does it work?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 📈Decentralized Finance (DeFi)
    • CEX vs DEX
    • CeFi vs DeFi
    • Algorithmic Stablecoins
    • Airdrop
    • Liquidity Pool
    • Impermanent Loss
    • Swapping
    • Wrapped Token
    • Arbitrage Opportunities
    • Staking
    • Yield Farming
    • Total Value Locked (TVL)
    • Gas Fees
    • Lending & Borrowing
    • Useful Tools
    • Activity: Uniswap & Pancake Swap
    • Learn: Automated Market Makers (AMMs) in DeFi
    • Learn: Crypto Moving towards ESG: What Is Regenerative Finance (ReFi)
    • Learn: What Is dYdX? Understanding the Decentralized Crypto Exchange
    • Learn: It's A Wrap - DeFi in 2022
    • Learn: Why DeFi should expect more hacks this year?
    • Learn: The Security Challenges of DeFi
    • Learn: The Promising Future of Decentralized Social Media on Web 3.0
    • Learn: Can CBDCs, Tokenized Deposits, Stablecoins and DeFi Coexist?
    • Learn: The Increasing Popularity of DeFi and Its Potential to Disrupt Traditional Finance
    • Learn: The future of DeFi is ReFi
    • Learn: DeFi aggregation
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 🙈Non-Fungible Token (NFT)
    • What are NFTs?
    • Case Study
    • Storage
    • Who are the Players?
    • NFT Marketplace
    • NFT Useful Resources
    • Activity: Mint Your Own NFT
    • Learn: How You Can Prevent Hackers From Stealing Your NFTs?
    • Learn: What Is an NFT Floor Price?
    • Learn: Should Bored Ape buyers be legally entitled to refunds?
    • Learn: China’s view of NFTs different from rest of the world’s
    • Learn: NFTs IRL: How Digital Collectibles Are Forging Offline Experiences
    • Learn: How NFT Brands Can Cut Through The Noise
    • Learn: How Web3 disrupts the music sector?
    • Learn: Unlockable content in NFTs
    • Learn: Why Meta Matters in NFTs?
    • Learn: Should NFT Marketplaces Become Centralized?
    • Learn: Hermès vs. MetaBirkins: The NFT Case That Could Have Major Trademark and Artistic Consequence
    • Learn: What are phygital NFTs, and how do they work?
    • Learn: What is NFT ticketing and how does it work?
    • Learn: Why Solana NFT marketplace is seeing less active users?
    • Learn: NFTs and Intellectual Property
    • Learn: How AI Is Changing Artistic Creation and Challenging IP Laws?
    • Learn: The Future of NFTs: Exploring Dynamic NFTs and Their Versatile Use Cases
    • Learn: NFTs in the event and ticketing industry
    • Learn: What is NFT rarity, and how to calculate it?
    • Learn: What happens to your NFTs when you die?
    • Learn: Dogecoin-Like Spike in Milady NFTs After Elon Musk’s Tweet, But Will It Last?
    • Learn: What are NFT royalties, and how do they work?
    • Learn: How developers aim to store crypto inside NFTs?
    • Learn: Generative Art NFTs: What Are They & Why Are They So Popular?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 💗Metaverse
    • What is the Metaverse?
    • Metaverse Economy
    • Metaverse Companies
    • GameFi
    • Learn: Are We in the Metaverse Yet?
    • Learn: Can the Metaverse exist without blockchain?
    • Learn: Can the Metaverse Facilitate Sustainable Growth of Defi Systems?
    • Learn: What is the role of biometrics in the metaverse?
    • Learn: Can metaverse be the future court?
    • Learn: Metaverse Fashion Is on the Rise, but for Whom?
    • Learn: Sustainability in the Metaverse: Challenges and Opportunities
    • Learn: How To Build A Responsible Metaverse?
    • Learn: What is a VTuber, and how do you become one?
    • Learn: How proof-of-identity provides human experiences?
    • Learn: The “Metaverse” Next Frontier for Business: Impact And Challenges
    • Learn: The 5 Biggest Misconceptions About The Metaverse
    • Learn: Why culture and ownership are critical to the metaverse?
    • TL;DR 👀
  • 👾Career in Web3 (coming soon)
    • Developers
    • Moderators
    • Community Managers
    • UI/ UX Designers
    • Digital Fashion Designers
  • 🌱Sustainability (Coming Soon)
    • Industry Effort
    • Co-author
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On this page
  • What is Cosmos?
  • The vision of Cosmos
  • How does Cosmos work?
  • Cosmos hubs
  • Tendermint Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT)
  • Inter-Blockchain Communication protocol
  • What problem does Cosmos solve?
  • Cosmos vs Ethereum
  • Cosmos vs Polkadot
  • Who is behind Cosmos crypto?
  • What does the future hold for Cosmos?
  1. New & Rising Protocols

Cosmos

PreviousPolkadotNextHarmony

Last updated 2 years ago

What is Cosmos?

Cosmos, which bills itself as the 'internet of blockchains', is a decentralized network of independent yet interoperable blockchains that are able to exchange information and tokens between each other permissionlessly.

Cosmos aims to address some of the issues faced by other blockchains — such as scalability, usability and governance — by providing the tools to help developers quickly build independent blockchains for a variety of use cases and enabling blockchains in the network to communicate with each other.

The vision of Cosmos

How does Cosmos work?

It uses hubs, the Tendermint consensus algorithm, and the Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol to ensure that blockchains can communicate securely.

By contrast, Cosmos offers open-source tools to allow developers to build decentralized and sovereign blockchain applications called zones instead of relying on one single chain. The zones are Cosmos smart contracts.

The Cosmos team has built the software development kit (SDK) that allows developers to build zones faster, simpler and cheaper than other platforms like Ethereum.

It minimizes complexity by offering the most common functionality among blockchains such as staking, governance and tokens through well-known and simple-to-use software development programs like GO. Developers have the maximum freedom and flexibility to create plugins and add any features they want.

Cosmos hubs

Each zone connects to another zone through hubs. Cosmos Hub is the main one, but other hubs are also available.

Any zone or hub does not necessarily have to work with another, but each new zone is linked to the Cosmos Hub, the first blockchain launched on the Cosmos network that keeps a record of each zone’s state and vice versa.

Each zone can function autonomously, from authenticating accounts and transactions to creating and distributing new tokens and executing blockchain changes.

Tendermint Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT)

Cosmos SDK tools use by default the Tendermint Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) engine consensus protocol to secure the network, yet others can also be used. Tendermint BFT allows developers to build blockchains without coding them from scratch.

The Tendermint BFT algorithm validates transactions and executes blocks to the blockchain. It uses a protocol called the application blockchain interface to connect to applications.

Participants in the network can stake ATOM and earn rewards. The top 100 stakers can become validator nodes to power the blockchain and vote on changes. The higher the amount of ATOM staked, the higher the voting power for the validators.

Users can also choose to delegate their tokens to validators and interchange them. This incentivizes validators to perform honestly. Users can easily switch between the validators they delegate ATOM to, depending on their voting preferences.

Hubs and zones communicate through the Inter-Blockchain Communication, or IBC, protocol, which allows them to interact.

Inter-Blockchain Communication protocol

IBC is a protocol that allows the transmission of secure messages between heterogeneous blockchains/zones and connects them to the Cosmos hub. This innovative process enables users to freely and securely exchange assets and data across sovereign (autonomous) and decentralized blockchains.

The Cosmos Hub is regarded as a service provider to the chains that must connect to it to become interoperable. Any sovereign blockchain with different applications, validators and consensus mechanisms can still communicate with each other and exchange data, regardless of their functions and business objectives.

What problem does Cosmos solve?

Cosmos’ objective is to enable communication between all blockchains while solving the three main blockchain problems: sovereignty, scalability and sustainability.

Sovereignty

The Cosmos free SDK allows developers to build sovereign blockchain apps without ongoing costs. These blockchains can easily interconnect without relying on smart contracts to exist on a different blockchain, thereby avoiding high transaction fees due to network congestion while developing better scaling features.

Scalability

Cosmos interoperability is what guarantees the functioning of a scalable system. By integrating to Cosmos interoperability model of shared communication standards, any type of sovereign blockchain will be able to communicate with each other and contribute to the evolution of its protocol design.

Cosmos scalability can be obtained by duplicating a blockchain to relieve congestion or splitting the apps into multiple application-specific blockchains. Interchain token transfers allow these multiple chains to continue one network.

Sustainability

Sustainability is assured by the PoS consensus algorithm, which secures the network. PoS reduces carbon footprint by 99% compared with the PoW consensus algorithm.

Cosmos vs Ethereum

Even though Ethereum developers have supported an upcoming switch to PoS for years, the platform is still sitting on a PoW consensus algorithm, making it less sustainable than Cosmos.

Scalability is another major issue for Ethereum. Sometimes, it may take minutes to even hours to execute an Ethereum transaction.

Instead, Cosmos Tendermint BFT proof-of-stake algorithms can handle up to thousands of transactions per second, making the whole process much faster and cheaper than Ethereum’s gas fees that might be extremely high at times, depending on the blockchain traffic.

In Ethereum, complex financial instruments are dealt with permissionless smart contracts with specific functions to build the whole ecosystem. In Cosmos, each smart contract or application is essentially a blockchain itself, meaning that they won’t interfere with each other while reassuring the smooth transaction process.

Cosmos offers a developer-friendly design to build sovereign blockchains quickly and cheaply. Its interoperable system allows simple communication between blockchains which Ethereum does not allow unless the rather complicated and unsecure exchange of wrapped tokens is used.

On the other hand, the primary benefit of using Ethereum is its popularity as a blockchain. Its network effect still makes it the favorite platform for DeFi, NFTs and the metaverse, representing blockchain’s most trendy features at present and will likely be in the future.

Cosmos vs Polkadot

Cosmos hub protocol defines that transactions are validated by the top 100 validators who stake the highest amount of ATOM.

Delegators can choose and change validators’ pools to stake tokens and earn rewards at any time. Zones can have their preferred type of governance, ranging from issuing their cryptocurrency rather than ATOM to having their own hub with a different validation system.

Private, permissioned blockchain zones can be created alongside public ones, and can easily transfer assets between them.

In Polkadot, parachains are similar to Cosmos’ blockchain zones. However, they share the same set of validators, ensuring a unified and strengthened security across the network through the Relay chain, the central coordinating blockchain. Cosmos blockchains connected to the hub do not rely on the same unified security.

While token transfers from one parachain to another are executed via smart contracts on Polkadot, Cosmos’ IBC provides easy asset transfers and interaction between chains via IBC and the Cosmos Hub. Cosmos smart contracts are essentially blockchains.

This allows Cosmos to record each transaction in three different places: the two interacting zones and the hub.

Who is behind Cosmos crypto?

The development of Cosmos is the result of cooperation between different teams. Primary resources and funds for its development were allocated by the Swiss Interchain Foundation (ICF), a non-profit organization that funds and supports open-source blockchain projects, and the Tendermint team.

Tendermint Inc. raised $9 million to continue the development of the project through a Series A funding round in 2019. Jae Kwon left the project in early 2020, pledging he would stay involved anyway, while the other co-founder, Ethan Buchman, is still president of the Interchain Foundation Council.

Cosmos has attracted investment from several prominent names in crypto including Paradigm, Bain Capital and 1confirmation.

What does the future hold for Cosmos?

Future upgrades for Cosmos Hub in the works include non-IBC cross-chain bridges, decentralized identifiers (DID), virtual machines as well as zero-knowledge and optimistic rollups, according to its roadmap.

'It’s a dizzying amount of complexity that’s beyond what Ethereum even has with a smart contract framework,' Zhong said. 'Ethereum has smart contracts, there’s like tens of thousands of smart contracts, but in Cosmos, there can be tens of thousands of Ethereums and each one of those have tens of thousands of contracts.'

'[People] want to be able to use multiple protocols,' Zhong added, 'and connect them all together in a way that would solve people’s problems.'

Source

The independent blockchains, called 'zones' in the Cosmos ecosystem, are powered by the Tendermint byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) consensus algorithm. A byzantine fault tolerant consensus algorithm allows the network to reach consensus even if some of the nodes fail or act maliciously. The first blockchain on the Cosmos network is the and ATOM is the native token of Cosmos Hub.

Just as Ethereum aspires to be Cosmos’s goal is to be an '' and aims to make it easy for developers to build blockchains for different use cases or applications, and for blockchains to communicate and transact with each other.

The of apps and services interconnected.

Some platforms communicate with each other using . Through this process, tokens are locked in on one platform and then the asset’s corresponding amount is minted on the other. The are a typical example of this process.

Rather than sending Bitcoin () from to another platform like , the BTC gets locked in a functional blockchain that provides the service. The correspondent amount such as wrapped Bitcoin (wBTC) is issued in pegged tokens on another blockchain.

Cosmos Hub: The core network for the Cosmos blockchain

Beyond facilitating interoperability between all the zones within the network by keeping track of their states, Cosmos hub also allows interoperability with (PoW) blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum through , even if they don’t meet the requirements of the Cosmos protocol. An upcoming bridge to Polkadot is also awaited with eagerness by crypto experts and enthusiasts.

The protocol functions through a (PoS) governance mechanism that supports integrating the computers’ distributed network running Cosmos Hub.

Cosmos blockchains can practically do anything they want using IBC from crypto to (NFT) transfers, as well as cross-chain smart contracts. Any cross-chain application can be built thanks to the IBC.

Cosmos SDK in the Cosmos ecosystem

This will boost innovative functionalities in (DeFi), NFTs, gaming, (DAOs), social networks, marketplaces and the digital economy, especially the ownership economy in which everyone has a stake.

Although Cosmos and seem to share the same type of governance, two main differences vastly distinguish them: governance in transactions validation and the transfer of tokens or assets between the systems.

Software developers Jae Kwon and Ethan Buchman co-founded the Cosmos network in 2014 while also creating Tendermint, the consensus algorithm that would power Cosmos. Kwon and Buchman authored the Cosmos in 2016 and later released its software in 2019.

The Interchain Foundation held the first series of fundraising with a two-week (ICO) of the ATOM token in 2017, accumulating over $17 million.

According to the , the Cosmos and Ethereum Gravity Bridge to transfer ATOM, Ether (ETH), ERC-20 and tokens on the Cosmos Hub between Ethereum- and Cosmos-compatible chains is part of the Cosmos Hub’s Theta upgrade expected to take place in the first quarter of 2022. The bridge to Ethereum and other Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)-compatible blockchains will bring more liquidity to Cosmos Hub. Also part of the upgrade will be a module to enable the management of NFTs, liquid staking and interchain accounts to manage accounts across multiple blockchains.

, which is a protocol to allow the Cosmos Hub validators to simultaneously validate another blockchain or multiple chains at the same time, has recently just launched. Interchain security will enable shared security and integration with IBC and allow Cosmos Hub stakers to earn rewards on multiple chains.

🌕
proof-of-stake
Cosmos Hub
the world’s computer,
internet of blockchains
Cosmos network is an ever-expanding ecosystem
smart contracts
wrapped tokens
BTC
the Bitcoin blockchain
Ethereum
proof-of-work
bridges
proof-of-stake
non-fungible token
decentralized finance
decentralized autonomous organizations
Polkadot
white paper
initial coin offering
Cosmos Hub roadmap 2.0
non-fungible token (NFT)
Interchain security
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